Glioblastoma Multiforme With CDKN2A, Loss of PTEN and EGFR Amplification, and Diffuse Distant Organ Metastasis Treated With Six Lines of Therapy: A Case Report and Literature Review

Abstract

In glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) cases, the tumor usually remains limited to the central nervous system in the expected disease course. Here, we discuss the case of a 41-year-old male patient who presented with extracranial spread, which has been reported in a limited number of cases in the literature. The patient received six lines of treatment including radiotherapy with temozolomide, irinotecan-bevacizumab combination, lomustine, erlotinib, everolimus, and weekly carboplatin-paclitaxel. In addition to systemic treatment, the patient underwent radiotherapy and surgery twice. Despite presenting with features consistent with a poor prognosis and extensive multi-organ metastasis, the patient achieved an overall survival of 25 months. In our view, the clinical course of our case, the follow-up, and the treatment process will add to the literature.