Three Dimensional Brain Parameters of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) Patients

Abstract

Background & objectives: MS is not only a demyelinating disease of central nervous system, but it also affects cortical and deep gray matter (GM). Furthermore, it causes axonal damage in the brain and spinal cord through inflammation and axonal degeneration. It is mostly seen between the ages of 20 and 40 and prevalence of the disease is higher among females than males. In the present study, we measured different parameters in the brains of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and healthy controls in both genders to determine the amount of brain atrophy quantitatively in MS patients.Methods: We used T2-weighted MRI scans of 40 MS patients (25 females + 15 males) with clinically definite relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis that was determined according to Poser criteria in multiple parts of the brain, and we compared these data with those of sex-matched healthy controls in the same numbers.Results: Wideness of the lateral and third ventricles and the volumes of cerebral sulci in MS patients were significantly increased compared to both male and female controls. Brain width, corpus callosum area and the total brain/cerebellum + brain stem volumes of MS patients were decreased considerably.Interpretation & conclusions: The present measurements indicated that MS caused parenchymal destruction in the cortex, axonal degeneration and myelin loss in the white matter of the brain. Consequently, the current observations correlate well with worsening disability in MS patients.